Natural Law The Human Conception Of Justice Or Moral Right

Natural law can be defined broadly as a philosophical belief that the human conception of justice or moral right is common to all humans and derived from nature. However it’s definition has been highly debated across history and therefore different definitions must be used as to not misinterpret the ideas and principles of different strains of thought within natural law (Boucher, 2009, P.19). It is also very important to distinguish how rights are understood in natural law, which is another contested definition. Rights in terms of natural law are generally emphasise doing what is ‘right’ as prescribed by law. This focuses on duties and obligations to the common good, rather than individual universal rights garnered from nature. (MacKinnon in Boucher, 2009, P.11). Rights in natural law are formed on the basis of obligation to obey God’s law, as mere reason of itself cannot create obligation (Boucher, 2009, P.12). The differing perceptions of natural law expl ored here will focus on Sophocles, Aristotle, Stoics, Cicero, Augustine and Aquinas. There will also be brief reference to the overlaps between natural law and natural rights traditions, to show that obligations do not always take priority over rights. Primarily across the natural law tradition, obligations take priority over rights however this becomes less certain with the overlaps between natural law and natural rights, which need to be addressed. For example Mary Wollstonecraft who stressed the importance of virtue; aShow MoreRelatedLegal Positivism Over Natural Law Theory982 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscusses the conceptions of legal normativity, both moral and â€Å"strictly legal† conceptions. According to Spaak, regarding the normative force of legal justification, legal positivists can still embrace the moral idea and not be in conflict with their generally held belief in the â€Å"strictly legal† concept of law. In Torben Spaak’s opinion, there is a rea son to desire legal positivism; he explains this through introducing the concept of jurisprudence. When discussing the nature of law, Spaak statesRead MoreThe Case Of The Speluncean Explorers1544 Words   |  7 PagesExplorers, written by Lon Luvious Fuller, comprises of a robust statutory interpretation discussion between natural law and legal positivism. In the context of natural law, naturalist follows that there is an obligatory connection between morality and the law. To put it simply, there is a moral obligation to ascertain the legal cogency of the law. In this case, Foster J follows a natural law approach as he believes that the conviction of each of the defendants should be set aside on the premise thatRead MoreNatural Law Enforces Human Rights907 Words   |  4 PagesNatural Law enforces human rights. When we look at abortions laws we see between a legal system based on the legal theory of natural law the law that comes from God s nature and inherent right and wrong as He defines it furthermore a legal system based on legal positivism (law is derived from whatever man says is law - no inherent right and wrong). Prior to the turn of the 20th century, legal philosophy from whence laws were derived in the Western world was based upon a natural law theory. ARead MoreUniversal Human Rights And The International Legal System1614 Words   |  7 Pagesclear from a prescriptive theorization of human rights and maintained a descriptive stance in which I have offered the naturalist description on the way in which we come to think of universal human rights and moreover, offered an explanation which confronts the problems of relativism that arises on the subject matter. Now I will attempt to give an account on how all things considered in the first two sections of my paper, we ought to think about universal rights relative to the international legal systemRead MoreThe Theory Of God s Eternal Law1382 Words   |  6 Pagessubsistent being. Since God is a subsistent being, all creatures, including humans, are â€Å"placed by him in existence† and they are therefore naturally oriented towards him. Because of this, â€Å"natural law is therefore defined as a participation in the eternal law,† and it is mediated by human reason and human inclinations—which participate in the divine intelligence. These inclinations enable people to participate in God’s eternal law because their nature has an internal movement towards self-fulfillmentRead MoreNeo Liberalism And Its Impact On Society1414 Words   |  6 Pagesadministrative reforms tending in the direction of freedo m or democracy. It also describes neo liberalism as, A modified and revived form of traditional liberalism one based on the belief in free market capitalism and the rights of the individuals. Liberalism Liberalism was an important concept but it also lost some of its importance in order to emerge as a new form. In the today’s world hardly any one speaks for the freedom and democracy which are primary values of liberalismRead MoreThe Distinction Between Natural Law And Legal Positivism Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pagesdeliberate, scrutinize and define the distinction between natural law and legal positivism. I will make distinctions regarding advantages and disadvantages of the definitions of the theories of natural law and legal positivism. By focussing on slavery as an example I will be looking at various theorists and their theories thereby attempting to make sense and find clarity in this regard. Furthermore to understand the aspects of natural law and legal positivism, one has to understand the theories ofRead MoreThe Need For More Justice By John Locke1608 Words   |  7 Pagesspecific conceptions of the human person. Annette Baier, a known â€Å"care ethics† poli tical philosopher, fundamentally aligns herself with notions of care ethics and consent in her piece â€Å"The Need for More Justice,† yet departs from Locke and critiques the social contract tradition when it comes to conceptions of the human person. Locke’s account of political power is dependent on consent.What distinguishes power for Locke is that political power, then, I take to be a right of making laws with penaltiesRead MoreThe Contributions Of John Rawls Essay5959 Words   |  24 Pagestroops visited the remains of Hiroshima, if profound effect on him. Later, he joined the Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, as assistant Professor of Philosophy. In 1962, he was given Professorship at Harvard where he published his ‘Theory of Justice’ in 1971 and was awarded the Phi Beta Kappa Ralph Waldo Emerson prize in 1972. He retired in 1991 but continued teaching political philosophy till 1995. In 1999, a National Humanitarian Medal was awarded to him by President Clinton and in the sameRead MorePolitical Theory: Comparing Locke, Rousseau and Plato Essay3770 Words   |  16 Pagessecure the advantages of civilized socity - men have the right to protect their freedom (killing if necessary) - bound by the laws of nature - contrast with hobbes: everyone has the right over everything, there exist no private property - Liberty to do as he will, but not harm others Purpose of government: - to secure the natural rights of property rights and liberty - we need law enforcers (soverign), we give power to one person and in doing

Group Reflection - 839 Words

In the past few weeks, Cristina, Oscar and I worked together on our group presentation – Should HIV positive workers have to tell their employers of their status? Our task for this group assignment was to create a collaborative presentation on a controversial issue. In the process of creating the presentation, there were some problematic situations, which caused a moment of alarm. Also, there was a lack of leadership or guidance within the group, making it harder to have the work done. Last, I believe there were some aspects of the group collaboration that could have gone better. The presentation was not exemplary work, and I know that we could have done better. In the beginning of our research, we started to decide when and where was our†¦show more content†¦At night, I looked at the progress of the rest of the team, seeing only the title and the definition of HIV on the google slides. I started to worry but did not do much progress on the presentation until the next day due to exhaustion. Sunday morning, the same two slides were there, so I continued the presentation as to how I believed it should be done because there were slow responses from the rest of the team. Cristina answered saying that she had a bad signal, making it difficult for her to work on the project and that she will work on it when she gets back to Brownsville, so I understood her situation. We could say that lack of communication was also a problem when creating the presentation. It took me about three hours to complete 6-8 slides of the presentation leaving the rest for Oscar an d Cristina. In addition, the lack of leadership within the group was poor. I realize now that I should have taken initiative from the beginning, so everything could have run smoothly. During class, after we decided how the research was going to be conducted, we started to converse on how the presentation was going to be organized. Oscar suggested that we should inform the audience with information about HIV and present the argument and conclusion respectively. At first, we all agreed, but at the day of the actual creation of the presentation, I thought that the organization was too broad. I took the organization into my own hands and told the rest of the members how the rest ofShow MoreRelatedGroup Reflection : Group Process767 Words   |  4 PagesGroup Reflection Group My concept of what a group consist of is a story that needs to be told and heard from many people with similar issues or problems. The group is a tool to help each member to gain some insight on how they can change or make a difference in their lives for the future. I feel that a group is a place where new relationships can develop and to find self again. Group Process The group process is facilitated by a counselor by the process has to be done by the members. It can be easyRead MoreReflection On Group Processes And Dynamics Essay1519 Words   |  7 PagesA Reflection on Group Processes and Dynamics Working within a group or team is unavoidable for most people. We are involved in sports teams, assignment groups, work teams, social groups and a variety of other groups and teams. Each of these groups share one thing in common, that is each requires us to communicate in some way in order to reach a shared goal or target. Therefore, it is imperative to know and understand how to work and communicate effectively with others to maximise outcomes and productivityRead MoreReflection On Group Therapy Reaction1509 Words   |  7 PagesGroup Therapy Reaction Thus far in the program I have had the opportunity to experience the process of group therapy. Luckily, I have had the opportunity to run group sessions at my practicum site, so I have gained substantial information about the group process. As I have learned in this program, group therapy is a powerful form of therapy that allows group members to complete their therapeutic goals in a group setting. As a therapist, I believe it is essential to experience what group processRead MorePersonal Reflection On Group Work906 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Reflection â€Å"Group work is a form of voluntary association of members benefiting from cooperative learning that enhances the total output of the activity than when done individually†. Working in a group can be very difficult at times. Different people with different views may not always agree which one another. Throughout the various task I played the communicator. I made sure everyone was on track on what we wanted to do. I also made sure people was okay and happy in the role they was playingRead MoreGroup Counseling Reflection Paper4779 Words   |  20 Pagesin Counseling Reflection CPY 540 Paladino: Advanced Theory and Practice of Group Counseling As I reflect upon my experience as a group leader in this class, I learned that therapeutic factors can be group driven or facilitated by the group leader. Cohesion stood as a vital aspect of an effective group, and I realized that as a group leader I needed not only to facilitate the group but to remain as a vital part of the group to assure cohesion. By subsisting as an effective group leader, I createdRead MoreReflection About Group Presentations1189 Words   |  5 PagesWe all certainly have to do group presentations during our student life. This method of study is vital, as â€Å"it is a successful alternative or addition to the traditional term paper. It can balance the student s educational experiences by providing training in oral communication, interpersonal skills, and analytical thinking.† (King 1990, p.77). Therefore, it is necessary for us to reflect on what we have done and learnt through group presentations. In this essay, I would have a look back at whatRead MoreReflection Of A Social Group1457 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Group Analysis The social group I chosen to observe is my church group, more specifically my children’s Sabbath School class. There are approximately 15 to 20 in the class including the children and parents. The ethnicities in the class are Hispanic, Caucasian, Native Africans, and Asians. In this group, the Caucasians are the minority while the Africans makeup the majority of the class. There is a lot I have learned from observing this group of people. Some characteristics of the classRead MoreGroup Reflection : Van Der Linden1524 Words   |  7 Pages Group Reflection Renae Van Der Linden Roberts Wesleyan College â€Æ' Group Reflection When leading a group, it is important to understand what the overall goal should be, as well as understanding what the group expectations are. Knowing what the group goals and expectations are provides a basic outline of what the group dynamic should be. Additionally, the goals and group expectations should be discussed with the group members, providing them with the opportunity to share their input and possiblyRead MoreReflection Of Group Counseling Process And Mental Health Group Activities829 Words   |  4 PagesA Reflection of Group Counseling Process and Mental Health Group Activities One might say the best teachers are the ones who go over and beyond the call of duty to assist their children. This idea could especially be proven true given the factors that are affecting the social and academic capabilities of the students we teach on a daily basis. One emerging, yet commonly overlooked factor is mental health. Mental health is one of those issues seen to be taboo in schools but is becoming a widespreadRead MoreReflections on Syndicate Group Work2177 Words   |  9 PagesReflections about syndicate group work I always had a different opinion to our group leader, but he always made me give in, even when I was not at all persuaded by his arguments, I can t explain how that happened. This statement made by one of my group members is quite revealing. While she recognizes the dominance of our leader ´, she is perplexed because she fails to understand how she was manipulated. How did he do it? Was it only his dominance or were there perhaps Machiavellic elements

Thematic Comparisom free essay sample

Comparisons In Stephen Spenders poem â€Å"What I Expected† and â€Å"The Moustache†, a short story by Robert Cormier there is the common theme that life is unpredictable and you can’t always predict what’s going to happen. However the way these two authors convey this theme is very different; Spender uses diction and imagery, while Cormier uses details and symbolism. In â€Å"What I Expected†, Spender uses diction and imagery to express the theme of life’s unpredictability. Spender describes very precisely what he does and doesn’t know. His word choice helps exemplify the theme by using accurate wording to describe the situation. It is very clear that he didn’t know everything that was going to happen in the situation presented. He also uses imagery to paint a clear picture of what’s happening. We know that he expected there to be painful struggles but that he thought he was going to grow from them. We will write a custom essay sample on Thematic Comparisom or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But we also know that he was weakened by the experience and that time took its toll. He gives us an image in our heads of what his experience was like and how unpredictable it really was. Stephen Spender’s poem â€Å"What I Expected† uses clear imagery and diction to present the theme, however the author of â€Å"The Moustache†, Robert Cormier uses different techniques. Robert Cormier uses details and symbolism to present the theme in his short story â€Å"The Moustache†. Throughout the story Cormier provides us with intricate details about Mike’s life and the life of his grandmother. He develops the character of Mike by telling us what he thinks, how he reacts and his attitude about life, that you can build one on postponement. At the end of the story we can infer that Mike no longer will postpone anything because of what happened with his grandmother and her late husband. He also uses symbolism to explain the theme. At the beginning of the story Mike says that you â€Å"can build a way of life on postponement† after he lies to his mom about planning to shave off his moustache. When he goes to visit his grandmother she thinks that he is her late husband because of the moustache. She asks for his forgiveness and says that she never had the chance to ask for forgiveness. When Mike ealizes that you never know what’s going to happen and you shouldn’t postpone life he goes and shaves his moustache. We can infer that the moustache is a symbol of procrastination and postponement. Symbolism and details are used to express the theme in â€Å"The Moustache†. In these two literary works the two authors, Stephen Spender and Robert Cormier, convey the same theme of unpredictability in life. S pender uses diction and imagery to show the theme in his poem â€Å"What I Expected†. However Cormier uses details and symbolism to exemplify this theme in â€Å"The Moustache†.

Simon Kimmes Essays (920 words) - Hunting, Mammaliaformes

Simon Kimmes The Benefits of Hunting Hunting is a sport that is loved by some, overlooked by many and opposed by few. In the world today, the popularity of hunting has declined by an astonishing amount, and now more than ever people are opposing hunting. We as a people cannot let that occur; hunting plays a vital role in our nation because it benefits the economy, conservation efforts, and animal populations.Just like any other sport in America there are people who actively participate in hunting. According to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife about four percent of the United States population hunt that amounts to about12.5 million people. ("Hunting statistics and Economies") These 12.5 million hunters support the economy through buying a variety of item like: guns, bows, clothes, vehicles, ammunition, gas, food, hunting dogs and tags. Through purchasing these items, all the hunters in America spent a total of twenty-four point seven billion dollars in two thousand and one. Hunters alone spent six hundred and five million doll ars on their hunting dogs in 2001, which is ninety-two million dollars more than skiers spent on their skiing equipment. On average, a single hunter spends approximately one thousand nine hundred and seventy-six dollars on hunting every year. The money that is spent by hunters supports over half a million jobs. ("Economic Importance of Hunting in America" 1-11)The image of the typical American hunter was once an image of a respectable person, unfortunately, it has now decayed to an image of a group of drunken bums driving around in the forest shooting anything and everything they see. Why in some instances this may be true, it is more of an exception than a rule, in fact many hunters stand for and support conservation efforts. For many, this may seem like an oxymoron, after all hunting is killing and conservation is preserving. "As paradoxical as it may seem, if hunting were to disappear, a large amount of the funding that goes to restore all sorts of wildlife habitat, game and nong ame species alike, would disappear," ("As Hunting Declines, Conservation Efforts Suffer"). Sportsmen and women have historically funded most of the conservation efforts in America. ("Hunter and Conservation"). Organizations such as Ducks Unlimited and Pheasants Forever are two organizations that are devoted to the protection and use of lands for hunter and the public. Ninety percent of both these organizations are supported by hunters ("Pheasants Forever Land Acquisition"). Combined, these two organizations have conserved over twelve point five million acres ("Ducks Unlimited and Hunting"). However, hunters are not the only people who benefit from the land that is conserved by these conservation organizations, "The same open spaces that hunters use and in which wildlife thrive are just as available to the non-hunting public for its enjoyment and recreation." ("Hunter and Conservation").Hunters also help to support animal populations. For many people, this is also an oxymoron, becaus e hunters kill animals and how would this benefit the animal populations? Wild animals aren't something that we can save for the future, as a result if there are too many animals nature usually takes over by starving the animals to death ("Hunter and Conservation"). That is why hunters have certain rules pertaining to what animals can be hunted and the quantity of animals that can be harvested. Through these rules hunters can help the animal populations stay at a reasonable number so there is a plentiful amount of food and optimal living conditions. Because of the food and optimal living conditions animal populations haven't just grown they have exploded! As a result, "Many species of wildlife that are hunted are not only secure today, but even, in many instances, far more numerous than they were before the turn of the last century." ("Hunter and Conservation"). One such species is the white-tailed deer. In 1900 the white-tailed deer population was estimated at less than 500,000 dee r, then because of the rules that hunters had the deer population increased dramatically. Today there are over 36 million white-tailed deer in America and they are now more abundant than they have ever been. Similar events have occurred to other species such as the pronghorn antelope, rocky mountain elk, and wild turkey. ("Economic Importance of Hunting in